Ancient artifacts from the fascinating Babylonian period (2004–1595 BC), including the renowned Venus Tablet of Ammisaduqa, have been unearthed in the southern Iraqi city of Uruk.

This clay tablet, inscribed with cuneiform script and decorated with intricate geometric patterns, is far more than a relic—it reveals the Babylonians’ extraordinary grasp of astronomy, still astonishing to modern scholars.

The tablet records in precise detail the movements of Venus across the sky, showcasing how the Babylonians charted the heavens with remarkable accuracy. Now on display in the Babylonian Gallery of the Iraqi Museum, it stands as a testament to the intellectual brilliance of an ancient civilization that mapped the cosmos millennia ago—long before our own time, yet with a sophistication that continues to inspire awe today.